The Iver Johnson Champion shotgun holds a unique place in firearms history. Known for its affordability and reliability, it became a popular choice for hunters, sport shooters, and even law enforcement in its heyday. This comprehensive guide delves into the history, features, variations, and collecting aspects of the Iver Johnson Champion shotgun. Understanding the Iver Johnson Champion shotgun involves appreciating its place within the broader context of American firearms manufacturing and its enduring legacy among collectors.
The History of the Iver Johnson Arms & Cycle Works
Before exploring the Champion shotgun itself, it's crucial to understand its manufacturer. Iver Johnson Arms & Cycle Works, founded in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1871, was a prolific producer of firearms and bicycles. Their innovative "safety automatic" revolver, which prevented accidental discharge, established their reputation for both safety and affordability. This focus on accessible firearms directly influenced the design and marketing of their shotguns, including the Champion. The company's commitment to mass production techniques allowed them to offer high-quality firearms at a price point that appealed to a broader market than many competitors. This strategy contributed significantly to the Champion's popularity.
Identifying Key Features of the Iver Johnson Champion Shotgun
The Iver Johnson Champion is readily identifiable by several key features. While variations exist across different production runs and models, some common characteristics include:
- Action Type: Most commonly a break-action design, meaning the barrel hinges open at the breech for loading and unloading. This is a simple, robust mechanism known for its reliability.
- Gauge: Champions were produced in various gauges, with 12 gauge being the most prevalent, followed by 16 gauge and 20 gauge. Less common gauges like .410 bore also exist, making them highly sought after by collectors.
- Barrels: Generally, barrels are smoothbore, designed for shot shells. However, some variations may have rifled barrels intended for slugs.
- Finish: Common finishes include blued steel, although some examples feature nickel plating or other specialized finishes.
- Stock: Typically made of wood, often walnut, the stock style varied over the years, reflecting changes in fashion and manufacturing techniques.
Variations and Models: A Collector's Delight
The Iver Johnson Champion wasn't a single, unchanging model. Over its production lifespan, several variations emerged, each with subtle differences in features and markings. These variations make identifying and cataloging different Champion shotguns a fascinating pursuit for collectors. Some key differences to look for include:
- Serial Numbers: Careful examination of serial numbers can help pinpoint the year of manufacture and potentially identify specific variations or production runs.
- Markings: The markings on the barrel, receiver, and other parts provide valuable clues about the shotgun's history and configuration. These markings often include the Iver Johnson logo and model designation.
- Wood Stocks: The style and quality of the wood stock can vary significantly. Some Champions feature finely figured walnut, while others have simpler, more utilitarian stocks.
The Iver Johnson Champion in the Market Today: Value and Collectibility
The value of an Iver Johnson Champion shotgun depends heavily on its condition, rarity, and completeness. Well-preserved examples in excellent condition, particularly those in less common gauges or with unique features, command significant prices among collectors. Factors affecting value include:
- Condition: Rust, pitting, damage to the stock, and missing parts significantly reduce value. A completely original and unrestored shotgun will always be worth more than one that has been heavily repaired or modified.
- Rarity: Less common gauges, barrel configurations, and variations in finish and markings increase collectibility and thus value.
- Accessories: Original boxes, papers, and other accessories greatly enhance the value of a Champion shotgun.
Where to Find and How to Care for Your Iver Johnson Champion
Finding an Iver Johnson Champion shotgun can involve searching antique shops, gun shows, online auction sites, and specialized firearms forums. Remember to prioritize safety and legality in all firearm transactions.
Once you acquire a Champion, proper storage and maintenance are essential to preserving its value and ensuring its longevity. This includes:
- Safe Storage: Store the shotgun unloaded and in a secure location, away from moisture and extreme temperatures.
- Regular Cleaning: Periodically clean and lubricate the shotgun to prevent rust and ensure smooth operation.
- Avoid Modifications: Refrain from modifying or altering the shotgun, as this will reduce its value.
The Iver Johnson Champion shotgun represents a significant piece of American firearms history. Its combination of affordability, reliability, and availability contributed to its enduring popularity. For collectors, the variations and unique features of different Champion models make them a fascinating and rewarding area of study and acquisition. By understanding its history, features, and value, enthusiasts can better appreciate this iconic shotgun.