The Harrington & Richardson (H&R) 12 gauge single-shot shotgun, particularly the 1900 model, holds a significant place in firearms history. Known for its simplicity, ruggedness, and affordability, this shotgun has been a popular choice for hunters, farmers, and home defenders for over a century. This article will explore the history, features, variations, and collecting aspects of the H&R 12 gauge single-shot, focusing on the iconic 1900 model.
The Legacy of Harrington & Richardson
Harrington & Richardson Arms Company, established in 1871, was a prolific manufacturer of firearms. Their single-shot shotguns, including the 1900 model, became synonymous with reliable, budget-friendly firearms. The company's commitment to producing durable and easy-to-use firearms cemented its place in the hearts of countless shooters. The simplicity of the design contributed to its longevity and widespread appeal. While H&R no longer exists as an independent entity (it was acquired and eventually ceased production under its original name), the legacy of its firearms, particularly the 1900 single-shot, continues to endure.
Distinctive Features of the H&R 1900 12 Gauge Single Shot
The H&R 1900 12 gauge single-shot is easily recognized by its distinctive features:
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Top-Break Action: This simple, robust mechanism allows for easy loading and unloading of the shotgun. The barrel hinges upward, allowing the shooter to insert a single 12-gauge shell into the breech.
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Solid Construction: H&R 1900 shotguns are generally built from sturdy steel, contributing to their reputation for durability. They were designed to withstand harsh conditions and heavy use.
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Simple Design: The lack of complex mechanisms means fewer parts to fail and easier maintenance. This simplicity is a key element of its reliability.
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Various Barrel Lengths: The H&R 1900 was produced with various barrel lengths, offering options for different applications, from hunting to home defense. Common barrel lengths include 26 inches and 28 inches.
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Variations in Finishes: While many are found with a blued finish, some variations exist with different finishes, impacting their value to collectors.
Variations and Identifying Marks
Identifying specific variations of the H&R 1900 can be challenging, but collectors look for several key markings:
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Serial Number: Located typically on the underside of the receiver, the serial number aids in dating the firearm and tracing its history.
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Model Number: The "1900" designation is usually found stamped on the barrel or receiver. However, variations in stamping can occur.
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Barrel Length: As noted above, differing barrel lengths impact both utility and collectible value.
The H&R 1900 in Popular Culture and History
While not as iconic as some other shotguns, the H&R 1900 has found its place in history and popular culture. Its reliability and affordability made it a popular choice for farmers, ranchers, and hunters, often passed down through generations. Its frequent appearance in literature and film, though not always as a prominent weapon, contributes to its enduring recognition.
Collecting H&R 1900 Single-Shot Shotguns
The H&R 1900 is a popular collectible firearm. Factors influencing value include:
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Condition: A well-preserved shotgun in excellent condition commands a higher price than one showing significant wear and tear.
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Rarity: Certain barrel lengths, finishes, or variations might be more rare, increasing their value.
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Originality: Guns with all original parts are highly sought after.
Safety First: Handling and Use of H&R 1900 Shotguns
Always prioritize safety when handling any firearm. Before handling an H&R 1900, or any firearm, familiarize yourself with proper gun safety rules. Never point a firearm at anything you do not intend to shoot, always treat the firearm as if it were loaded, and keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot. Regular cleaning and maintenance are crucial for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the shotgun.
Conclusion: The Enduring Appeal of the H&R 1900
The Harrington & Richardson 1900 12 gauge single-shot shotgun stands as a testament to simple, effective design. Its enduring popularity among shooters and collectors is a tribute to its reliability, affordability, and historical significance. Whether used for hunting, home defense, or collecting, the H&R 1900 remains a relevant and appreciated firearm. Remember to always handle firearms responsibly and safely.