Fully transferable machine guns represent a unique and highly regulated segment of the firearms market. Understanding the intricacies of their legality, history, and value is crucial for anyone interested in this specialized area. This guide delves into the world of fully transferable machine guns, providing an in-depth look at their characteristics, acquisition, and the legal landscape surrounding them.
The Allure of Fully Transferable Machine Guns
The term "fully transferable" signifies that the machine gun's ownership can be legally transferred to another individual. This is a critical distinction, as most machine guns manufactured after 1986 are subject to strict regulations under the National Firearms Act (NFA) of 1934, prohibiting their transfer to civilians. This restricted availability is a major factor contributing to the high value and collectible nature of fully transferable machine guns. Their historical significance, often representing iconic designs from wars and conflicts, adds to their appeal. Many collectors view them as tangible pieces of history, representing moments in technological and military evolution.
What Makes a Machine Gun "Fully Transferable"?
A machine gun is considered fully transferable if it was registered with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) before May 19, 1986, the date the Hughes Amendment to the Firearm Owners Protection Act went into effect. This amendment effectively banned the registration of new machine guns for civilian ownership. Therefore, the pre-1986 registration is the key factor determining transferability. The gun's mechanical condition or specific model doesn't impact its transferable status; it's all about the pre-1986 registration.
The Legal Landscape: Navigating the NFA
The NFA governs the ownership and transfer of machine guns and other regulated firearms. Compliance with the NFA is paramount, involving stringent background checks, registration with the ATF, and the payment of a substantial tax stamp. The process of transferring a fully transferable machine gun involves a meticulous review of all documentation and adherence to specific procedures, making it significantly more complex than transferring a standard firearm.
The ATF and the Transfer Process
The ATF plays a central role in regulating the transfer of fully transferable machine guns. The process involves a comprehensive background check, including fingerprinting and a detailed application. The application must accurately describe the machine gun being transferred, and any discrepancies can lead to delays or rejection. The entire process can take several months, even with all documentation in order.
- Step 1: Complete ATF Form 4.
- Step 2: Submit fingerprints to a designated ATF-approved facility.
- Step 3: Pay the required $200 tax stamp.
- Step 4: Await ATF approval, which can take several months.
The Market Value and Collecting
The value of a fully transferable machine gun varies significantly based on several factors:
- Rarity: Unique or less common models command higher prices.
- Condition: Well-maintained, original condition significantly impacts value.
- Historical Significance: Guns with notable provenance or ties to specific historical events are highly sought after.
- Model: Popular models like the Thompson submachine gun or the M16 will command a premium over lesser-known ones.
This creates a dynamic market where prices fluctuate based on supply and demand. It's a market driven by collectors and enthusiasts who appreciate the rarity and historical significance of these weapons. Market prices can easily range from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars, depending on the specific factors mentioned above.
Safety and Responsible Ownership
Owning any firearm, especially a fully transferable machine gun, requires a profound commitment to safe handling and storage. This includes:
- Secure Storage: Properly secured storage is critical to prevent unauthorized access.
- Training: Extensive training in safe handling, maintenance, and use is essential.
- Legal Compliance: Strict adherence to all local, state, and federal laws is non-negotiable.
Responsible ownership extends to being fully aware of and compliant with all legal requirements. Ignoring these aspects could have serious legal ramifications.
Conclusion: A Specialized Market Requiring Diligence
Fully transferable machine guns represent a unique and specialized aspect of the firearms world. Their acquisition involves significant legal hurdles, financial investment, and a deep commitment to responsible ownership. Understanding the history, the legal framework, and the intricacies of the market is crucial for anyone considering entering this specialized field. The high cost and regulatory requirements are not for casual buyers. This guide provides an introduction to this field; always consult with legal professionals and ATF resources before engaging in any transactions.